TRMM卫星和全球降雨观测计划GPM及其应用

TRMM and Global Precipitation Measurement(GPM) and their Application

全球变暖和气候变化影响全球水循环,从而导致异常天气,如频繁的大雨和干旱。热带降雨观测卫星TRMM和全球降雨观测计划GPM是进行全球尺度的降雨观测的国际卫星观测计划,对全球变化研究具有很大作用。首先介绍了热带降雨观测卫星TRMM的概况及其5个有效载荷,即降雨雷达、可见/红外扫描仪、微波成像仪、云和地球辐射能量探测器以及闪电成像仪;接着介绍了即将于2007年发射的全球降雨观测计划GPM;最后介绍了TRMM卫星的应用。

Global warming and climate change affect the global water cycle and result in abnormal weather, such as frequent heavy rains and droughts. Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission （TRMM）and Global Precipitation Measurement （GPM）are intemational satellite observation plans to observe precipitation at global scale, playing an important role in global change. In this paper, TRMM satellite and its instruments including Precipitation Radar （PR）, Microwave Imager（TMI）, Visible and Infrared Scanner（VIRS）, Cloud and Earth Radiant Energy Sensor（CERES）, Lightning Imaging Sensor （LIS） were introduced. Global Precipitation Measurement（GPM）to be launched in 2007 was also introduced. Finally the application of TRMM was put forward.