不同山羊草属细胞质对小麦淀粉粘度参数的影响

Effects of Different Aegilops Cytoplasm on Viscosity Parameter of Starch in Wheat Kernels

为了利用小麦亚族丰富的细胞质资源改良小麦淀粉品质,以具有山羊草属(Aegilops)6种不同异源细胞质的异质小麦品种Chris为材料,与生产上广泛种植的4个常规小麦品种进行正反杂交,研究了异源细胞质对其F1籽粒淀粉粘度参数(峰值粘度和稀懈值)的影响。结果表明,(1)在以6种异源细胞质材料为母本的杂交组合中,70%的组合其峰值粘度高于反交对照,78%的组合其稀懈值高于反交对照;偏凸山羊草、单芒山羊草、粗山羊草和二角山羊草细胞质对峰值粘度和稀懈值的影响具有普遍的正效应,其中尤以偏凸、粗山羊草的细胞质正效应最大;而粘果山羊草和柱穗山羊草对峰值粘度和稀懈值具有负效应。(2)在核背景相同而质背景不同,以及质背景相同而核背景不同的情况下,其峰值粘度和稀懈值差异显著,表明在峰值粘度和稀懈值方面存在着显著的核质互作关系。这些结果说明利用异源细胞质改良小麦淀粉品质性状是可行的,但应注意选择合适的核质组合。

In order to use the abundant Aegilops cytoplasm resources to improve starch quality of wheat, six alloplasmic wheat lines of Chris with different Aegilops cytoplasm were used to conduct the direct and reciprocal crosses with four wheat varieties,which were widely adopted in wheat production. The effects of different Aegilops cytoplasm on Viscosity Parameter of Starch in F1 kernels were analysed. The results indicated that ： （1） Cy to plasms of Ae. ventricosa,Ae, uniaristata,Ae. Squarrosa and Ae. bicornis showed obvious positive effects on peak viscosity and breakdown . Especially ,the cytaplasms of Ae. ventricosa and Ae. squarrosa showed the most significant positive effects. However , the cytaplasms of Ae. kotschyi and Ae. cylindrical showed negative effects on peak viscosity and breakdown; （2）Obvious differences were obsersed on peak viscosity and beakdown among the materids with different cytoplasms and malevials with different muclears. It indicated that cytoplasms of Aegileps under study presented significant karyon-cytoplasm interactions in the peak viscosity and breakdown of the kernels,therefone the cytoplasws of Aegileps could be used to impnone the starch guality of wheat.