东太平洋结核区细菌调查及鉴定

Investigation and Identify of Cultured Bacteria at a Deep-sea Station of the East Pacific Nodule Province

对东太平洋结核区6个站点沉积物样品进行细菌培养和数量统计，发现各个站点间的细菌总量变化幅度较大，站点E2003-01的细菌量最多；细菌量纵向分布规律基本是从表层到深层逐渐递减．对所获得的菌株进一步用RFLP和16S rDNA基因序列分析，发现所获得的菌株主要来自变形菌门（Proteobacteria）的α、β、γ亚群和放线菌门（Actinobacteria），厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）等类群．此外还发现了与已知细菌菌种相似性在97％～95％之间的有12株，它们可能是新种；与已知细菌菌种相似性小于或等于95％的有4株，它们可能是新的属种．

The nodule province is abundant of polymetallic nodules. Microbes are believed to play roles in the metal cycling in many environment, but the microbial community in the pacific nodule province has never been studied. Based on 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis, together with bacteria cultivation, we aim to study the microbial populations in this station. It is found that amount of microbes is most at E2003-01 station and gradually decreases with depth. Bacterial 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that bacteria belonged to three group Protebacteria, including α、β、γ subgroup, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes. However, the 16S rDNA of 12 strains has similarity between 97% and 95%, which imply that they are new species, 4 strains are similarity less than or equal to 95%, which imply they are new genus.