不同血缘超甜玉米自交系的遗传分析及评价利用

Genetic Analysis and Evaluation of the Super Sweet Corn Inbred Lines from Different Germplasms

以9个不同血缘的超甜玉米自交系为材料,采用Griffing完全双列杂交方法4,按固定模型分析了各主要数量性状的配合力和杂种优势。①自交系sh01和sh03的单穗重及生育期的一般配合力较高,其组合大多数大穗、晚熟;sh13生育期的一般配合力最低,其组合sh06×sh13生育期具负向超亲优势,在其他各个性状上的一般配合力表现都成正向效应,尤其含糖量的正向效应明显;sh30和sh19在降低株高和缩短生育期方面有利用价值,但要选择产量和品质性状一般配合力较高的自交系与之组配。②组合sh13×sh18的穗长、穗粗、穗行数、鲜穗重、含糖量等和产量、品质有关的性状特殊配合力都较高,属于理想的鲜食超甜玉米。③被考察性状在大多数组合中都表现为正向杂种优势,单穗重的平均杂种优势最高,其次是穗位高、株高和行粒数。

By Griffing＇s complete diallel model Ⅳ and using 9 super sweet corn inbred lines which were from different germplasms,the combining ability and heterosis of main quantitative charaters were analyzed. The results incicated that Sh01 and Sh13 inbred lines had quite high GCA effect of fresh ear weight and growing period. Most of their F1s bade the character of high yield and long growing period.Sh13 had the low GCA of growing period, Sh06xSh13 had negative heterosis of growing period. Sh13xSh18 is a good cross with highest SCA effect in yield character and quality characters such as ear length,ear diameter,rows in ear,fresh ear weight and sugar content. Most characters had active heterosis, fresh ear weight had the highest heterosis,and ear position,plant height and rows in ear followed.