湖北省莲藕品种演变及栽培利用特点

Evolvement and Utilization of Lotus Root(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) Cultivars in Hubei Province

湖北省是莲藕起源地之一,亦为我国莲藕重要产区。其品种演变历史可划分为传统品种阶段(1980年以前)、新品种选育的起步和奠基阶段(1980～1990年)、传统品种更新和新品种快速推广与持续选育时期(1990年以后)。不仅拥有许多传统品种,而且选育了多个新品种,是我国莲藕新品种的主要选育地区。在莲藕茬口配置、设施栽培、种藕繁殖、采挖以及莲藕产品开发利用等方面具有明显的地方特色。

Hubei, a province in central China, is one of the places of origin for lotus root （Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.）, and also the important production base of lotus root in China. The evolvement of lotus root cuhivars in Hubei can be divided into three phasesie the phase of traditional cuhivars before 1980, the phase of the beginning and foundation laying of new cuhivar breeding from 1980 to 1990, the phase of traditional cuhivars to be substituted by new cuhivars rapidly and new cuhivars to be bred and released in succession from 1990. Nowadays, there are a lot of elite traditional cultivcas and new cuhivars of lotus root in Hubei, and Hubei has become the center of lotus root cuhivar breeding of China. The paper also deals with the distinctive characteristics of crop rotation arrangement in lotus root field, and of protected cultivation, reproduction, harvest and utilization of lotus root in Hubei.