稠油出砂冷采技术研究综述

A Review on Cold Heavy Oil Production Technology

稠油将是21世纪的重要资源。动用稠油资源是缓解未来原油短缺的重要手段。经济、高效地开发稠油对我国具有重要的现实和战略意义。目前,我国稠油油藏主要采取注蒸汽等热采方式,但普遍面临着油层出砂、气窜和采油成本高的严峻挑战。而稠油出砂冷采技术通过大量出砂形成高渗流通道,并借助于泡沫油的作用等机理来开采稠油油藏,可以较好地解决热采中遇到的问题。国外矿场实践结果表明,出砂冷采可以降低开采成本、提高资源利用率。

Heavy oil is the important resource of 21^st century. Producing heavy oil resource will he the important means to lessen the pressure resulted from crude oil shortage in the future. To economically and efficiently exploit heavy oils is of realistic and strategic meanings to China. Nowadays, the domestic heavy oil reservoirs are mainly exploited by steam injection process, but serious challenges come from sand problem, steam breakthrough and high production cost. The cold heavy oil production （CHOP） technology can be applied to form in-situ high permeable channels by mass sand inflow and allow the heavy oil to be produced by means of foam-oil effects. Field practices abroad indicate that this technology is better than others in terms of decrease of production cost and utilization of crude resources.