喀斯特石漠化生态综合治理与示范典型研究——以贵州花江喀斯特峡谷为例

Integrated Management of the Karst Rock Desertification Areas——A Case Study of Huajiang Karst Gorge

本文根据人地矛盾系统协调理论,以喀斯特流域为单元,以参与型农村社区发展为依托,以不同等级石漠化综合治理为突破口,以生态经济协调持续发展为目标,把因地制宜治理石漠化生态环境与改变传统的落后农业生产模式及产业结构调整相结合,针对石漠化环境人地系统缺水、缺土、缺林与贫困的核心问题,将生物措施、工程措施与社区发展在内的多种技术措施加以捆绑、组装和科学配置,开发石漠化综合治理技术,并在贵州花江峡谷区进行示范。建立了以沼气为纽带,以经济林草种植和庭院养殖为主要链环结构的农村循环经济生态产业发展模式与技术体系,即“椒(庭园种植)-猪(庭院养殖)-沼(家庭能源开发)”模式,取得了较好的生态经济效益,得出石漠化环境是能够治理好的结论。

In allusion to the key problems of the poverty and the shortage of water, soil and forest in the humanland system in Karst areas, several technical measures including the biological technology, engineering technology, and the society development were combined and assembled for the integrated management of the desertification, with the Huajiang Karst areas as the demonstration zone. In this demonstration zone, an ecological industry development model and the technology system were established, with the construction of biogas as the ligament, and the cultivation of economic forest and grass and the yard breeding as the main structure. , viz. the model of ＂Pricklyash-Pig-Biogas＂. The result was satisfying, by which it was concluded that the rock desertification areas could be managed successfully.