阴道分泌物的细菌培养及耐药性分析

Bacterial culture of vaginal discharge and their resistance to antibiotics

目的探讨细菌性阴道炎患者阴道分泌物中的病原菌分布及对抗生素的耐药情况。方法对阴道分泌物进行细菌培养和药敏试验,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果从145例阴道分泌物中共检出细菌115株,阳性率为79.3%(115/145)。其中以表皮葡萄球菌27.0%(31/115)、中间葡萄球菌20.9%(24/115)和金黄色葡萄球菌13.0%(15/115)的构成比最高。药敏结果显示:葡萄球菌对万古霉素全部敏感,对磷霉素、阿米卡星和利福平的耐药性最低,对青霉素、四环素、红霉素和苯唑西林的耐药性最高。结论阴道分泌物中病原菌种类较多,以葡萄球菌为主且耐药性较强。病原菌检查和药敏试验对临床诊断和治疗具有重要作用。

Objective To investigate the distribution of pathogenic bacteria of vaginal discharge in bacterial vaginosis. Methods The results of bacterial culture and drug sensitive tests of vaginal discharge from patients with bacterial vaginosis were analyzed. Results The positive rate of bacteria culture of vaginal discharge was 79.3 % （ 115/145 ）. The dominant bacteria were staphylococcus epidermidis 27.0% （31/115）, staphylococcus intermedius and staphylococcus aureus 13.0% （15/115）, which were obviously higher than other germs. The drug sensitive tests showed that staphylococcus were relatively sensitive to vancomycin, fosfomycin, amikacin and rifampin. But the drug resistance to penicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin and oxacillin was the highest. Conclusion The kinds of pathogenic bacteria in vaginal discharge are various. The main bacterium is staphylococcus, and drug resistance is very severe. The isolation and drug sensitive test of pathogenic bacteria play an important role in diagnosis and treatment of gynecological disease.