郭象认识论辨析

A Discriminative Analysis of Guo Xiang's Epistemology

郭象的认识论历来被视为神秘主义的不可知论,原因在于他主张既忘其迹又忘其所以迹的“冥而忘迹”论。这样理解郭象的认识论当然是不对的,因为这只仅仅看到了其认识论思想的一个方面,而且对这一个方面作了表面的、片面的理解。考察郭象在《庄子注》中关于认识问题的论述,他的认识论思想有三个方面,“冥而忘迹”论只是其中之一。从郭象认识论思想这三个方面的统一来理解他的“冥而忘迹”说,它并不神秘,且这个“忘”的认识论与郭象的“独化于玄冥之境”的“独化”本体论有内在的一致性。郭象的“独化”本体论实质上并不是一种逻辑分析式的理论和方法,而是一种显现、现象性的境域,它需要的是象性思维。

Guo Xiang＇s epistemology is always regarded as a sort of mysticism and know-nothingism because he took an ＂ignorance-and- negligence＂ view. This understanding of Guo＇s epistemology can＇t hold water, for it resulted from viewing and superfluously and partially understanding only one aspect of his theory. In fact, Guo＇ s view of epistemology embodies three aspects, one of which is ＂ignorance-and-negligence＂. If we see his view of ＂ignorance- and negligence＂ in terms of an agreemenet of the three aspects, Guo＇s view is by no means mysticism. Guo Xiang＇s ontology of ＂individualization＂ is not a theory or methodology of logical analysis, but an overt and phenomenal realm, which calls for thinking in images.