苏南土改与现代化传统问题

The Southern Jiangsu Land Reform and Modern Tradition

土改前的苏南是当时中国城市化程度最高的地区。它的工商业水平、农业的商品化与现代技术水平、教育水平等方面较之其他地区都相对高一些。苏南经济社会具有浓厚的由传统小农社会向现代社会过渡的特征,人民生活相对富裕,社会相对稳定。1949年7月-1952年7月,苏南地区开展了土地改革运动,全部进程分为准备、动员、开展、结束四个阶段。在开展阶段,土改运动由前期的政策控制型转变成后期的暴力进行型。苏南土改对富农经济、工商业、农村商品经济成分和技术成果、公益性和社会保障性社会成果等起了很好的保护作用,促进了生产力的发展,实现了近代苏南现代化成果与新中国现代化运作的对接,对我们从政府有效行为、产业传统和公众经验传统这三个视角来研究现代化有很大启发。

Before the land reform, the Southern Jiangsu was the most advanced in urbanization in China, so its industry and commerce, commercialization of its agriculture, its modern technology, education etc. were more advanced than other areas. Its economic society was strongly characterized by the transition from the traditional agrarian society to the modern society, with its people relatively richer and its society more stable. From July, 1949 to July, 1952, a land reform was carried out, including four stages ： preparation, motivation, carrying and finishing. In the preparation stage, the land reform movement shifted from policy - controlled movement in the early stage to violent movement in the later stage. The Southern Jiangsu Land Reform well protected the rich farmer economy, industry and commerce, rural commodity economic element and technical results, public welfare, social safeguard etc. , promoted the development of productivity and realized the docking of the outcome of Southern Jiangsu modernization and the modern governing of PRC, enlightening the study of Souther Jiangsu modernization from the perspectives of governmental effective behavior, industrial tradition and the tradition of public experience.