农牧交错带粮草带状间作防风蚀保土效应的研究

Study on the Technique of Grass and Crop Strip Intercropping for Controlling Wind Erosion at Ecotone in North Area of Yinshan Mountain

在内蒙古阴山北麓地区的中部,年降水量平均只有280￣350mm。由于冬春季地表大部分裸露,风蚀沙化已相当严重,因此应控制耕作,鼓励农民种草,耕作种植模式应以粮草带状间作为主。试验结果表明:该模式可有效增加地表粗糙度,比对照裸地平均降低近地面5cm风速31.6%,风蚀量平均降低79.4%;减缓地表风蚀粗化,>1mm的砾石为对照裸地的25%;生物量达3773kg/hm2,是天然草场的5.7倍。同时具有轮作培肥土壤的的作用,是适应当地条件的有效、简单、经济可行的防风蚀方法。

In the middle part of the north foot region of Yinshan mountain, the annual precipitation is only 280 to 350mm, wind erosion and desertification are both quite serious. Reclamation should be controlled and farmers are encouraged to grow grass. The suitable model appears intercropping of grass and crops. Compared with the traditional model of plowing in autumn, the model had effects on increasing the roughness, decreasing wind velocity at 5cm above ground about 31.6%, reducing soil erosion by 79.4%, slowing down the soil surface coarseness with only 2.5% of the gravel over lmm in the winter bare field, and improving the biomass with 3773kg/hm^2 which was 5.7 times than that in the natural grassland.