内蒙古后山旱农区马铃薯适宜播种密度和播期研究

Studies on Suitable Planting Density and Time of Sowing of Potato on Dry Land in Houshan Area,Inner Monglia

马铃薯是内蒙古后山旱农区主要粮食作物之一,其产量及淀粉含量的高低直接影响到该地区粮食总产量和马铃薯加工利用。试验结果表明,该地区旱地马铃薯适宜播种时期为5月1日左右,适宜密度为57000株/hm2左右;5月21日左右播种,水分亏缺较大,薯块含水量高,淀粉含量较低,适口性差,不利于贮运;5月11日左右播种不仅会严重影响马铃薯产量,而且会导致各种病害,叶片死亡程度较重。适宜播种密度和播期有利于土壤水分的优化利用和水分利用效率的提高,可促进旱地马铃薯增产。

Potato is one of main crops in dry land in Houshan area in Inner Monglia, Both of the yield and the content of starch of potato will effect on the total yield and machining. The results are as follows：In this area, It is the suitable time of sowing of potato on dry, land on May 1, and the suitable planting density is about 57000 plants per hectare. If the potato was planted on May 21, lots of water will be wanting, and the containing water in potato will increasing, at same time the content of starch of potato will decreasing, So it will become unpalatable and make against store and transit; If the potato was planted on May 11, the yield will be lowest, and most of disease will happen. The suitable planting density and time of sowing are favor of optimum use of soil water and improving water use efficiency, and make potato increasing its output.