化学物质对苹果洋葱鳞茎萌发抑制作用的研究

Researches of Chemicals Inhibiting Germination of Onion(Allium Cepa L.) Bulb

分别用3种浓度的青鲜素、盐酸、氢氧化钠、山梨酸和乙烯利对苹果洋葱鳞茎进行不同的处理(收获前14d叶部喷施、收获后浸根),结果表明:收获前14d经化学药剂叶部喷施后135d时,用盐酸1400mg/kg、氢氧化钠300mg/kg、青鲜素1200mg/kg、乙烯剂200mg/kg,鳞茎发芽率分别比对照降低20.00%,10.00%,14.08%,20.00%,差异水平均显著或极显著。其对洋葱鳞茎抑制效果顺序为:乙烯剂200mg/kg>盐酸1400mg/kg>青鲜素1200mg/kg>氢氧化钠300mg/kg。鳞茎收获后经化学药剂浸根处理后135d时,用盐酸1800mg/kg、氢氧化钠200mg/kg、青鲜素1600mg/kg,山梨酸1600mg/kg、乙烯利200mg/kg,鳞茎发芽率分别比对照降低15.00%,15.00%,15.00%,21.66%和18.33%。差异水平均达到显著或极显著。其对洋葱鳞茎抑制效果顺序为:山梨酸1600mg/kg>乙烯利200mg/kg>盐酸1800mg/kg>青鲜素1600mg/kg>氢氧化钠200mg/kg。

Onion （AUium Cepa L.） bulbs were treated with five kinds of chemicals （hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, maleic hydrazide, sorbic acid, ethleue） in three concentration respectively（by spraying at the time of two weeks before harvest and by dipping after harvest）.The result showed that there were significant inhibiting effect on the onion bulbs germination rate at the time of 135 days after harvest by spraying with four kinds of chemicals. The germination rate by spraying with HCL 400mg/kg, NaOH 300mg/kg, MH1200mg/kg and Eth 200mg/kg was 20%,10%,14.08%,20% lower than of CK. The difference was significant or most significant. The inhibiting order was： Eth 200mg/kg〉HCL 1400mg/kg〉MH 1200mg/kg〉NaOH 300mg/kg.There were significant SBA 1600mg/kg and Eth 200mg/kg was 15%, 15%, t5%, 21.66%,18.33 lower than of ck. The difference was significant or most significant. The inhibiting order was SBA 1600mg/kg〉Eth 200mg/kg〉HCL 1800mg/kg〉MH 1600mg/kg〉NaOH 200mg/kg.