火山岩深气层压裂液体系研究与应用

Water Base Fracturing Fluids for Deep Lava Gas-Bearing Reservoir Stimulation

大庆徐家围子断陷深层火山岩储气层,最高温度超过170℃,最大厚度超过120 m,压裂施工中单层加砂量超过100 m3,使用现有压裂设备施工时间为2.5～3.0小时,要求水基压裂液具有优异的各项性能.为此研发了适用于120～170℃不同温度的压裂液,基本配方如下:HPG 0.55%～0.65%,表面活性剂ZP-1 0.10%～0.15%,有机钛有机硼高温交联剂0.25%～0.30%,过硫酸盐破胶剂0.002%～0.003%,其他组分有粘土稳定剂、冻胶稳定剂、温度稳定剂、交联控制剂、降滤失剂等.介绍了150℃配方压裂液的性能:150℃、170 s-1剪切4.0小时粘度＞80 mPa·s;初滤失量3.13×10-4 m3/m2,滤失系数4.59×10-4 m/min1/2;破胶液粘度5.6 mPa·s,表面张力30.96 mN/m,界面张力(与煤油)1.83 mN/m;通过交联控制,现场沿程摩阻降低了30%.2002年以来使用该体系压裂液在大庆12口深气井共24层进行压裂,最大加砂量为100 m3,均获得成功;在吉林2口深勘探气井压裂也获得成功.图1参3.

In hydrofracturing operations for stimulating the deep lava gas-bearing reservoirs in faut depression Xujiaweizi, Daqing, in which the highest formation temperature 〉170℃ and the largest layer thickness 〉 120 m, the proppant load might be larger than 100 m^3 and an operation-be prolonged to 2.5-3.0 hrs using the fracturing units presently available thus outstanding water base fracturing fluids （WBFFs） are needed. A series of such WBFFs for use at different formation temperatures of 120-170℃ are developed and the basic recept is presented as follows： 0.55-0.65% hydroxypropyl guar gurn, 0.10-0.15% surfactant ZP-1, 0.25-0.30 % titanium/bor organic high temperature crosslinker, 0.002-0.003 % persulfate gel breaker, and others （clay, gel, and temperature stabilizers, crosslinking controller, filtrate loss reducer etc）. The performance properties of the WBFF for 150℃ are pesented： apparent viscosity is of 〉80 mPa·s when having been sheared over 4 hrs at 150℃ and 170 s^-1; initial filtrate loss is of 3.13 × 10^-4 m^3/m^2 and filtration coefficients4.59 × 10^-4 m/min^1/2 for the brokendown WBFF at 150℃, the viscosity is of 5.6 mPa·s, the surface tension-30.96 mN/m and the interracial tension with kerosene-1.83mN/m; the friction loss of the WBFF is decreased by 30% along the flow path in a field fracturing operation with the help of crosslinking control. Since 2002, these fluids have been used suceessfully in stimulating 24 reservoir layers in 12 deep gas wells in Xujiaweizi with the largest proppant load 100 m^3 and also in hydrofracturing 2 deep exploratory wells for gas in Jilin.