摘要
开发活动因为包含各种力量的相互作用而常常意味着其结果是不可预测和预料的,所以开发活动的复杂性突出体现了进行全面而客观的评价的重要性。从一个具体的实例——科伦坡东南部城镇供水工程评价中得到的发现对于执行千年发展目标(MillenniumDevelopment Goals)具有重要意义——如果想实现与水相关联的目标的话。这项研究发现,这些城镇30%接受了干净的管道输水的家庭没有将自来水用来饮用,相反,他们继续饮用被污染的井水。尽管这项供水工程的主要受益者被认为是妇女和那些病人、老人或残疾人,但比较普遍的感觉是家庭的健康条件并没有随着洁净水的提供而得到改善(事实上,许多人宣称他们的健康条件在恶化)。虽然供水的费用较高,但是只要它比较可靠,人们还是愿意支付这部分费用。
The complexity of development activities,in which the interactions between various forces often mean that outcomes are unpredictable and unanticipated,highlights the importance of objective and comprehensive evaluations.In the specific case of the evaluation of towns east and south of Colombo water supply projects,the findings have major implications for the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals,if the water-related objectives are to be fulfilled.The study found that 30% of the households of these towns that are receiving clean,piped water are not using it for drinking.Instead.they are continuing to drink contaminated well water.Whereas it is considered that the main beneficiaries of water supply projects have been women and people who are sick,elderly,or disabled,the general perception is that the health conditions of the families have not improved with the provision of clean water (in fact,many claim that their health conditions have deteriorated). In spite of the higher cost of the supplied water,people are willing to pay for it as long as the supply is reliable.
