用Langdon二体代换系统建立小麦染色体RAPD标记

RAPD Markers for Wheat Chromosomes in Langdon Disomic Suhstitution Lines

以一套Ｌａｎｇｄｏｎ硬粒小麦二体代换系及其亲本Ｌａｎｇｄｏｎ、中国春和中国春双端体为材料，研究适于硬粒小麦和普通小麦的理想ＲＡＰＤ分析条件，进行小麦Ａ、Ｂ和Ｄ染色体组各个染色体的ＲＡＰＤ分析。结果表明，ＡｍｐｌｉＴａｑＳｔｏｆｆｅｌｆｒａｇｍｅｎｔ比ＴａｑＤＮＡＰｏｌｙｍｅｒａｓｅ优越。所用１２个随机引物中，７个引物扩增出的１３个特异产物，可确定在硬粒小麦ＬａｎｇｄｏｎＡ、Ｂ染色体组和中国春Ｄ染色体组中的１０个个别染色体上。４个标记进一步定位在相应的４个染色体臂上。结果还表明，用Ｌａｎｇｄｏｎ二体代换系统、中国春双端体为材料，容易得到重复性高、特异性强的ＲＡＰＤ标记。

Optimal conditions were developed for a random amplified polymorphio DNA(RAPD)assay of hexaploid bread wheat and tetraploid durum wheat.AmpliTaq Stoffcl fragment was found to be better than Taq DNA polymerase in generating RAPDs.Studyies on chromosome specific RAPD markers of the A-and B-and D-genome were performed using the complete set of Langdon disomic substitution lines and the parental lines(Langdon and Chinese Spring)as templete.Seven out of twelve arbitrary primers(all Operon 10-mer sequences)yielded 13 products that could be assigned to 1.0 chromosomes of A-and B-and D-genome,five of 13 markers for A-genome(2A:J6a and J11b;3A:D11b;6A:J17;7A:J15a),seven for B-genome(1B:J11c:2B:D5,D11c and J18)and one for D-genome(1D:J11a).Using Chinese Spring ditelosomic lines,four RAPD markers were further mapped to a specific chromosome arm(i. e.,J11b-2AL,J17-6AL,D11-2BL,and J11a-1DL).This study demonstrates that reproduoible RAPD markers can be generated and assigned to wheat chromosomes except 4AL,using Langdon disomic substitution lines and Chinese Spring euploid and aneuploids as malerids.