青少年饮酒:多种研究方法的综合应用

Alcohol Use of Adolescents:An Integrated Approach

描述了综合运用定性和定量方法对中国青少年饮酒问题所进行的研究。使用文化人类学中的定量方法对三个已知可预测行为的心理学变量进行初步的小样本研究。这三个心理学变量是:青少年对饮酒行为后果的期望(饮酒期望),青少年对中国传统文化和西方文化所持的观点(文化取向),以及青少年在处理饮酒压力方面所表现的信心(自我效能)。定性研究所获得的资料被用来设计问卷,测量饮酒期望,文化取向和自我效能。定量数据的调查在大样本青少年人群中进行。统计分析表明,这些问卷能够发现饮酒者和不饮酒者在饮酒期望、文化取向、自我效能方面的差别。对于调查数据进行深入分析的结果,将为政策的制订和健康教育项目的设计指明方向,降低青少年的饮酒风险。

This paper describes the qualitative and quantitative researches into alcohol use of the Chinese adolescents. It does a small sample analysis by quantitative means on the three known psychological variables including alcohol expectancy, cultural orientation, and self--efficacy. Data obtained in qualitative research are used in designing questionnaires and judging the respondents＂ alcohol expectancy, cultural orientation, and self--efficacy. The quantitative research is done in a large sample. Statistics show that these questionnaires can identify the differences in the three variables between alcohol users and non--alcohol users. Such research and analysis will be helpful to making of policies and designing of health education programs, thus reduce the adolescentg alcohol risks.