R&D强度差异:基于产业结构的分析

Differences in R&D Intensity:An Analysis Based on the Effect of Industrial Structure

国外大量研究表明,产业结构是影响R&D强度的重要因素之一。对2000-2003年各年度中国除北京、西藏外29个省市截面数据的回归分析显示,省际产业结构差异与R&D强度差异之间存在较显著的正相关关系;运用Bennet分解法对2000年截面数据的分析则具体说明了造成其他省市与上海R&D强度差异的产业结构影响的大小。省际之间的产业结构应该是互补而非完全趋同,由此决定了省际R&D强度存在差别是客观必然。各级地方政府如果忽视产业结构的客观差别,片面强调提高R&D强度到某一水平或相互赶超,必将导致资源的错误、低效率配置并有可能造成产业结构的扭曲。

Many overseas researches indicate that industrial structure is a very important element affecting the R＆D intensity. A regression, which is based on the cross-sectional data of 29 mainland administrative regions （Beijing and Tibet not included） in 2001-2003, reveals that the positive corre lation exists between differences in industrial structure and R＆D intensity. A Bennet decomposition on the cross-sectional data in 2000 illuminates the size of structural effect to the differences in R＆D in tensity between other provinces and Shanghai. The industrial structures of different provinces are but complementary and, consequently, their R＆D intensity differs. When local governments so over-emphasize the increase of R＆D intensity to ignore the external differences in industrial structures, resources will be collocated in low efficiency and industrial structures may be warped.