冰雹对苹果的灾损模式研究

A study on Disaster Damage Model of Hail on Apple

通过调查、试验和测量不同种类苹果各生长期的力学特征,结合冰雹落地末速度计算苹果和冰雹撞击过程中力的转换关系,提出利用碰撞动量法计算苹果冰雹损害的理论,给出苹果临界破损直径的概念及不同品种的指标阈值,揭示了以苹果为代表的水果类作物对冰雹损害的敏感性,得到新的苹果雹损机理概念模型,为人工防雹效益分析提供理论依据。

The mechanics characteristics of the different varieties of apples during the different growing periods was investigated and measured. The force transform during the hitting process of hail was calculated, combining the dropping velocity of the hail. The theory of the hail damage on apple was established by using the collisionmomentum method. The concept of threshold diameter of damage during the process of the hail damage on apple was put forward. The study revealed the sensitivity of the fruit crops, such as apple to the hail damage. The new concept model for the mechanism of the hail damage of apple was concluded. The results provided a theoretical basis for the benefit analysis of the artificial hail protection.