论生命权刑法保护的基本原则

On the Basic Protection Principles of Right to Life

对于作为公民最基本权利的生命权的刑法保护,除了应遵循一般的法律原则外,尤其应当强调生命至上原则与平等保护原则。前者包括两个层次,其一是在观念层次上,立法应当体现出对生命权在权益阶梯中的至上性;其二则是在具体的罪刑设置中,切实实现对生命权尽可能完备的保护。对于生命权刑法保护的平等原则,问题更多存在于司法之中。

The right to life is a fundamental right. In order to protect it adequately, we must emphasize that the right to life is the uppermost right. Furthermore, we should emphasize on the principle of equality too. So the right to life should be attached more importance than other rights in the penal law. On the other hand, crimes and punishments must be enough. But our penal law is inadequate in the two ways. The right to life is equal, it means the equality between the victims and the criminals, the equality between the victims, and the equality in necessity.