森林火险等级预报系统评述

Assessment of Forest Fire Danger Rating Systems

对当前世界上主要的森林火险等级系统进行了综述,包括加拿大、美国、澳大利亚以及其他一些国家的森林火险等级系统。对主要森林火险等级系统的组成、结构和发展过程进行了比较,讨论了这些系统应用的局限性。比较了世界上3个应用比较普遍的森林火险等级系统的发展、可燃物类型、输入因子、输出因子和应用范围,认为发展中国的森林火险等级系统采用加拿大的森林火险等级系统(CFFDRS)的技术比较合适。我们可直接应用CFFDRS,然后根据当地气候和可燃物类型对火险等级系统进行校正。

The paper gives a brief description about the current main forest fire danger rating systems in the world, which include Forest Fire Danger Rating system used in Canada, USA, Australia, and other countries. And it compares the compositions, structure and development of the main fire Danger rating systems. The limitations of those systems are also discussed. Through the comparisons of the three main forest fire danger rating systems, the paper describes their differences on development, fuel complex descriptions, inputs and outputs, and their applications and finds that the technologies of Canadian forest fire danger rating system can be adopted for China to develop a national forest fire danger rating system. Two steps are needed to develop China＇ s own national forest fire danger rating system. Firstly, we can apply the CFFDRS directly. Then some researches should be done to calibrate the FDRS to local weather and fuel characteristics.