不同化学型苍术根茎及根际土提取物生物活性及化感物质的比较

Comparing of Bioactivity and Autotoxic Substances from Extracts of Rhizoma and Rhizosphere soft of Atractylodes lancea DC.with Different Chemitype

目的比较不同化学型苍术根茎及其根际土提取物对茅山苍术种子发芽及幼苗生长的自毒作用,以及二者所含化感物质的差异。方法设水(CK)、茅山苍术根际土提取液(MAS)500 g·L^(-1)、英山苍术根际土提取液(YAS)500 g·L^(-1)、茅山苍术根茎提取液(MA)200 g·L^(-1)及英山苍术根茎提取液(YA)200 g·L^(-1)共5个处理组,每个处理组3次重复进行生物学实验,分别在第5,7和14天测量苍术种子发芽率、胚根长及胚芽长后,使用SPSS10.0软件,利用单因子方法分析比较各处理组生物活性的差异；采用GC-MS分离鉴别苍术根茎及根际土所含的化合物。结果①MAS和YAS所含归一化百分含量＞5%的组分大体相同,其对茅山苍术种子发芽率、胚根长及胚芽长均无显著影响(P＞0.05)；②茅山苍术和英山苍术属于两种不同的化学型。其对茅山苍术种子发芽率、胚根长及胚芽长均有显著抑制作用(P＜0.05),MA对茅山苍术种子发芽率的抑制作用显著强于YA (P＜0.05),但二者对茅山苍术胚根长及胚芽长的抑制作用的差异不显著。结论MA和YA对茅山苍术种子均有化感作用；苍术的自毒现象在种内不同品种间存在差异。

OBJECTIVE To compare the autotoxicosis and autotoxic substances of different chemitype of Atractylodes lancea DC..METHODS Five treatments were used, including H2O, extracts of Rhizosphere soil of A. lancea in Maoshan（MAS）500 g·L^-1, extracts of Rhizosphere soil of A. lancea in Yingshan（YAS）500 g·L^-1, extracts of Rhizoma of A. lancea in Maoshan（MA）200 g·L^-1 and extracts of rhizoma of A. lancea in Yingshan（YA）200 g· L^-1 each treatment was disposed with 3 repeats. The germination rates, lengths of roots and shoots were recorded respectively in 5,7 and 14 day. One-way ANOVA was done to find the differences among the treatments. The compounds in all about treatments, except H2O, were separated and identified by GC-MS. RESULTS ①Main components in MAS and YAS were almost same, and both of MAS and YAS had no influences on A.lancea germinations and the growth of roots and shoots（ P 〉 0.05） ;② MA and YA are different chemitype. Germination rates, lengths of roots and shoots of A. lancea seeds in Mr. maoshan were reduced while both of them and MA reduced the germination rates more than YA（ P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION Autotoxicosis is occurred in continuous cropping of A. lancea DC., and there are difference about the autotoxisis of ,4. lancea between different chemitype.