论主体税种的选择

On the Choice of the Main Category of Tax

一个国家出于征集财政收入的目的,总是要考虑一套合乎需要的税收体系,而税收体系的设计必然要考虑以何种税为主的问题。综观各国税收的历史和现状,可供选择的主要税种不外乎三种:1.对所得额课税;2.对商品(或劳务)的流转额课税;3.对财产课税。这三种税分别称为收益税、流转税和财产税。由于绝大多数国家对财产的课税并不占据税收的主导地位,因此争论的焦点就在于税收体系的设计究竟是以收益税为主,还是以流转税为主?

Main points: a) The elements needing to be Considered for choosing the main categories of tax; b) Can the personal income tax be China's main category of tax; c) Can the business income tax be China's main category of tax; d) Value-added tax—an ideal main category of tax.