青冈常绿阔叶林死地被层和土壤性质特征的研究

STUDIES ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FOREST FLOOR ANDTHE SOIL IN THE EVERGREEN BROAD-LEAVED FOREST DOMINATED BY CYCLOBALANOPSIS GLAUCA IN ZHEJIANG,CHINA

１９９０年至今对浙江建德青冈常绿阔叶林生态系统的养分循环进行了研究。报道了死地被层现存量，死地被层（包括Ｌ、Ｆ、Ｈ三亚层）和土壤（包括Ａ、Ｅ、Ｂ三层）中Ｃ和８种养分元素的分布，以及植物对养分元素的累积特征。结果表明：死地被层现存量为１４．１４１ｔ／ｈｍ２，其中Ｈ＞Ｆ＞Ｌ．死地被物中９种元素含量和贮量大小依次为Ｃ＞Ｎ＞Ｃａ＞Ｍｎ＞Ｋ＞Ｍｇ＞Ｐ＞Ｚｎ＞Ｃｕ，而土壤中为Ｃ＞Ｎ（Ｋ）＞Ｋ（Ｎ）＞Ｍｇ＞Ｍｎ＞Ｃａ＞Ｐ＞Ｚｎ＞Ｃｕ。与其它地区相比，本区土壤中Ｍｎ和Ｎ的含量较高而Ｐ和Ｃａ较低．不同元素具有不同的层次分布和季节变化特征。自表层至深层，Ｃ、Ｎ、Ｃａ、Ｍｎ的含量呈下降趋势；而Ｋ、Ｍｇ的含量均在表层较低，并在深层有较高的含量；而Ｐ、Ｃｕ和Ｚｎ则以Ｈ与Ａ层的含量为最高．植物对元素的累积特征因元素和层次（种类）而异。各元素中以Ｃａ的富集系数最高，Ｎ次之，Ｃｕ和Ｚｎ最低；一般而言，藤本、草本和下木层植物对元素的累积程度比乔木层和亚乔木层要高。

Nutrient cycling in the evergreen broad-leaved forest dominated by Cyclobalanopsis glauca was studied from 1990. In this paper,the amount of the forest floor,dynamics of carbon and eight nutrient elements in the forest floor(including three sublayers:L,F,H)and the soil(including three layers:A,E,B),and accumulating characteristics of nutrients in main plants are reported. The results show that:The amount of the forest floor is 14. 141t/hm2, in which H>F>L.The order of contents and amount of elements in the forest floor is C>N>Ca>Mn>K>Mg>P>Zn>Cu, and that of the soil is C>N(K) >K(N)>Mg>Mn>Ca>P>Zn>Cu.Compared with other regions,the soil in this area have higher contents of Mn and N, and lower contents of P and Ca.Varied elements'contents having different changing regularities in various layers and seasons.The contents of C,N and Ca descend with the drop of depth.The contents of K, Mg are lower in thesurface.The contents of P,Cu and Zn are higher in H sublayer and A layer,and that of K,Mg are higher in deep layers.The accumulating characteristics of nutrients in plants are different among elements and layers(species).The accumulating degree of Ca is the highest,the second is N,and that of Cu and Zn is the lowest.In general,the accumulating degree of liana,herbs and understory plents is higher than that of trees and subtrees.