红壤旱地的肥力现状及施肥和利用方式的影响

Fertility of Red Upland Soil and Effects of Fertilization and Utilization on its Fertility

红壤旱地是我国南方亚热带地区十分重要的土壤类型,其酸性较强,pH值一般在6.0以下、交换性酸含量在4.4 cmol(+)kg-1以上;且土壤有机质含量较低,普通旱地含量通常在20g kg-1以下;养分含量不高,全氮和全磷含量通常在1.0g kg-1左右、速效磷含量一般在10mg kg-1甚至5mg kg-1以下、速效钾含量大多低于100mg kg-1。施肥是影响红壤旱地肥力的重要因素之一,有机无机肥配合施用有利于红壤肥力的提高;而利用方式对红壤旱地肥力的影响主要通过施肥和作物对养分的吸收利用。根据红壤旱地的肥力现状及该地区农业发展的需要,提出了应加强养分平衡与流失规律、土壤性质调控与改良、高效利用与管理模式以及长期定位监测等方面的研究。

Red upland soil is an important soil type in the South China, but the acidity is strong and exchange acid content is over 4.41 cmol（ ＋ ） kg^-1 There is lower organic matter and nutrient contents in red upland soil. Application of fertilizer is one of the most important practices for red upland soil, and combied use of organic and inorganic fertilizers can improve the fertility of red upland soil. The utilization mode can also impact the fertility of red upland soil . Therefor, we conducted a study aiming to improving soil fertility and reducing nutrient coss by proper fertilizatoin and land use.