中国翻译的赞助问题

The Issue of Patronage in China's History of Translation: 148 A.D.—1978 A.D.

本文考察中国翻译的赞助问题。上篇考察从东汉末佛籍翻译至明末清初科技翻译两次翻译高潮期间,翻译活动的赞助问题,下篇讨论从晚清民国到中华人民共和国首30年翻译活动的赞助问题,集中考察以下几个具体问题:这四个时期里谁是翻译活动的赞助人?若赞助呈多元形态,其主要构成是什么?以什么方式资助?其基本运作方式是什么?赞助人和译者是什么关系(赞译关系)?赞助是否有条件?其条件是指令性的,还是建议性的?本文在尝试观察、回答上述问题的同时,兼述其赞助的动机和效果。

Dividing China＇s 1,830-long history of translation into four phases, this paper examines the issue of patronage for translators between the years 148 and 1978. Among the questions it addresses are ＂Who were the patrons for translation and what was the structure of patronage in each of the four phases？＂ ＂How did the patronage work？＂ ＂What was the patrons＇relationship to the sponsored translators？＂ ＂Did the patrons ask for anything in return for their sponsorship？＂ ＂What were the patrons＇ primary motives？＂; and ＂What were the effects of their patronage？＂