全站仪间接测量边长的试验及应用

Test and Application of Indirect Side Length Measurement Made with the Total Station Instrument

文中介绍用全站仪进行导线外业作业时直接测量边长和间接测量边长的对比试验。试验的对比结果表明,用全站仪间接测量边长所布设的导线的全长相对闭合差小于直接测量边长的导线的相应的闭合差;间接测边时测站上只需整平而无需对中,不但可以减少测站的对中误差,而且加快了观测的速度;若选一个与所有的导线点均通视的地点安置全站仪,则在一个测站上就可完成边长的观测工作。文章末尾列出了间接测边在导线测量实验教学中的应用的例子。

In the paper,the comparative tests between direct side length measurement and indirect side length measurement made with the total station instrument when the field traverse survey is done are described.The results show that the relative closing errors of traverse in indirect side length measurement is less than those in direct side length measurement,that is to say,in indirect side length measurement,only leveling-up is required for the surveying station and centering is unnecessary.This can not only reduces the centering error of the surveying station,but also increases the observation speed.If the total station instrument is fixed at a point from where all the traverse points can be intervisible,the side length measurement could be implemented at only one surveying station.Some application examples of the indirect side length measurement method in teaching of traverse survey tests are given as well in the paper.