大气中挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的人为来源研究

Source apportionment of anthropogenic emissions of volatile organic compounds

在2002年春、夏、秋、冬四季对环境大气中挥发性有机化合物的组成和变化规律进行了研究,在此基础上运用CMB8.0受体模型对各类污染源进行了源解析,得到受体点各人为污染源的年平均贡献率分别为:汽车尾气62%,汽油挥发9%,石油液化气10%,涂料6%,石油化工6%,未知源6%.对不同物种贡献的分析显示,环境大气中的乙烯、苯和甲苯等化合物主要来自于汽车尾气的排放,异戊烷来自于汽油的挥发,石油液化气、涂料、石油化工分别对大气中的异丁烷、正己烷和2,4-二甲基戊烷贡献量最大.

The characteristics of the VOCs in ambient air at different seasons in 2002 was investigated in this study. The chemical mass balance （CMB） receptor model was applied to estimate the contribution of the different VOCs source to ambient pollution. According to the CMB results, the major sources annual average of VOCS for the receptor were： vehicle exhaust 62% ; gasoline vapor 9% ; liquefied petroleum gas 10% ; paint 6%, petrochemical industry 6% and unidentified source 6%. Apportionment for the most abundant individual VOCs showed that the vehicular source was the major contributor to ethene, benzene and toluene, while gasoline vapor, liquefied petroleum gas, paint and petrochemical industry were the major source contributor to i-pantane, i-butane, n-hexane and 2,4-dimethylpentane respectively.