基于小生境遗传算法的配电网开关优化配置

Optimal Switching Device Placement Based on Niche Genetic Algorithm in Distribution Networks

在配电网安装分段开关可提高供电可靠性,分段开关优化配置是一种对应分段开关不同数量的多极值组合优化问题。分析配电网分段开关配置的技术特点,将初选出可能安装分段开关的线段作为控制变量,以减少染色体串的长度和搜索规模。把配置相同数量的开关作为一个小生境,提出应用小生境遗传算法来优化开关位置和数量,找出对应不同开关数量的全部极值点,从中选出满足可靠性要求的全局最优解,避开遗传算法收敛于局部最优解。实例证明该算法全局搜索能力强、收敛快。

Distribution automation systems must be decided upon disconnection switch to improve power supply reliability. Optimal disconnection switch placement is a combinatorial optimization problem with multi-extreme value. The relationship between decrease of outage cost and increase of disconnection switch is explained by analyzing the technology problem of disconnection switch placement in distribution network. The line segment is selected and regarded as controlled variable in order to shorten the length of chromosome and reduce the search scale, in which the disconnection switch is possible placed. It is defined as the niche that the same numerary switches are placed. The niche genetic algorithm is proposed for optimal disconnection switch placement. The local optimal placement is obtained by eliminating through selection or contest in Niche, which is regarded as local extreme value. And then optimal number and placement of disconnection switch is obtained with request reliability after all local extreme value is search with different numerary switches. Test results show that the niche genetic algorithm is suitable for switch placement optimization. The numerical results prove to be a rapid search and good convergent