太平洋延绳钓长鳍金枪鱼及渔场水温分析

ANALYSIS OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF ALBACORE(THUNNUS ALALUNGA) TUNA LONGLINE AND SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN

根据收集到的渔获量数据、海水表层温度数据及有关文献资料，应用GIS技术对太平洋长鳍金枪鱼延绳钓渔业进行定量和定性综合分析。结果表明：太平洋延绳钓长鳍金枪鱼渔场分布范围广泛，具纬向分布特征，集中分布在30°N线附近的西北太平洋海域和～40°S之间的西南太平洋海城。对渔获产量同海表温度的分月统计显示；太平洋长鳍金枪鱼渔场最适月平均表层水温约28～29℃，渔场出现频次为偏态分布型。文中结合有关文献综合讨论了海表温度、溶解氧含量、海流等环境因子与金枪鱼渔场分布和形成机制的关系。

The albacore （Thunnus alalunga） tuna longline fishery is one of the important fisheries in the Pacific Ocean. Based on the collected catch data of the albacore tuna, the sea surface temperature derived from satellite 3-level production and the literature, the albacore tuna longline fishery were analysised quantitatively or qualitatively by using GIS technology. The results showed that the distribution of albacore tuna longline fishing-grounds is wide, and is mainly in the area of ～30° N and 0-40°S of the Pacific. The analysis of the relationship between monthly catch statistics and average SST indicated that the favorite monthly SST of the albacore tuna longline fishing-grounds is 28～29℃. The frequency distribution pattern of the fishing-grounds is skew. Finally, the relationship of the distribution and formation mechanism of the fishing-grounds on the one hand and the SST, dissolved oxygen （DO）, sea current and other environment factors on the other are discussed.