不同水分条件下水稻根解剖结构的比较分析

Comparative analysis on rice root anatomical structure under different soil moisture

在旱作和淹水两种培养方式下,研究了5种基因型水稻(Oryza sativaL.)(常规粳稻、杂交粳稻、常规籼稻、杂交籼稻和旱稻)幼苗根系解剖结构的差异。结果表明,两种水分条件下,水稻根通气组织的形成和皮层厚壁细胞的形态均存在基因型差异。5种基因型间,淹水条件下杂交粳稻根形成通气组织的时间最晚,根皮层厚壁细胞形态上的差异在常规粳稻和常规籼稻之间表现得更为明显;旱作条件下旱稻的根通气组织形成较其他基因型晚,常规粳稻根皮层厚壁细胞排列疏松,细胞壁加厚程度小。与淹水条件相比,旱作条件下杂交稻根通气组织形成较迟,常规粳稻根皮层厚壁细胞排列较疏松。

The differentiae of root anatomical structures of five different rice genotypes （conventional Indica, hybrid Indica, conventional Japonica, hybrid Japonica, upland rice） were studied under inundatory and aerobic conditions. Results showed that there existed genotype difference on the effects of soil moisture on aerenchyma formation and sclerenchymatous cell shape of rice roots among different cuhivars. Under inundatory condition aerenchyma in hybrid japonica root occurred latest within these five genotypes. Cortex sclerenchymatous cells in conventional indica root were obviously different from those in conventional japonica root in terms of morphological traits. These cells in conventional japonica root arrayed tightly and cell walls lignified to a great extent. Whereas those in conventional indica root formed loosely and cell walls lignified less. Under aerobic condition, the formation of root aerenchyma of upland rice was the latest among five rice genotypes. And cortex sclerenchymatous cells in conventional japonica root arranged loosely. Compared with inundatory condition, aerobic condition retarded the formation of aerenchyma of hybrid rice roots and made the cortex sclerenchymatous cells array loosely in conventional japonica root.