孟什维克与社会革命党对苏维埃地位和作用的认识

The Cognition of Menshevik and Social Revolution Party to the Position and Function of Soviet

苏维埃是俄国革命的产物。在革命过程中,孟什维克和社会革命党都积极参与了苏维埃的组织和领导工作。但在理论上,它们认为苏维埃不可能也不应当成为政权机关,如果说它在特定的历史条件下不得已代行了政权的部分职能,那么当合法的政权组成之后,苏维埃就应当“功成身退”。对苏维埃地位的这种认识直接影响了孟什维克和社会革命党人对苏维埃的态度。

Soviet is the product of Russian revolution. In the process of the revolution, both Menshevik and Social Revolutionary Party actively participated in the organization of Soviet. On the other hand, they theoretically regarded it impossible and unsuitable for Soviet to be the executive organization. In their opinion, Soviet, which worked as an acting government, should have stepped down from the leadership when a lawful executive government was set up. Such idea held by them would directly influence their attitude to Soviet.