发展中国家在国际贸易中创建竞争优势的途径

The Road to Establish Competitive Trade Advantage for Developing Countries

在国际贸易竞争中,除了斯密的绝对优势、李嘉图的比较优势、波特的竞争优势以外,还有超绝对优势或超比较优势。不论从哪一种优势考察,发展中国家在国际贸易竞争中都处于不利地位。它们要改变这种现状,需要通过政府的作用,在某个领域内实现技术和技能的积累,争取在局部建立国际贸易的竞争优势,改变现行的国际贸易格局。韩国、印度、中国等国家的经验表明,这是发展中国家在国际贸易中创建竞争优势的途径。

There is the super absolute advantage or super comparative advantage, besides the absolute advantage, the comparative advantage and the competitive advantage, in the competition of international trade. But from whatever perspective, the developing counties lie in a disadvantageous position. If they want to change such a statusquo, they have to appeal for the governmental function, that is, to accumulate technology and skills in certain fields, so as to set up partial competition advantage in international trade, and hence transform the current configuration. In fact, the experience from South Korea, India and China has already suggested that this is an effective way out.