论环境教育与可持续发展教育

Environmental Education and Education for Sustainable Development

环境教育和可持续发展教育究竟有怎样的关系?国内外学者看法各异。归纳起来,主要有五种:第一,环境教育与可持续发展教育是等同的;第二,可持续发展教育是环境教育的一部分;第三,环境教育是可持续发展教育的一部分;第四,可持续发展教育与环境教育互不包含,但有共同的部分;第五,可持续发展教育是环境教育发展过程中的一个高级阶段。根据相关文献分析,我们认为,环境教育是可持续发展教育的一部分,两者关系是互动的,环境教育需要面向可持续发展重新定向,可持续发展教育有着环境教育无法实现的功能。

Environmental Education （EE） and Education for Sustainable Development （ESD） are similar and relevant in many respects, though the time and background that they were put forward is different. There are various opinions about their relationship both inland and abroad, all of which may be summed up into five main points： （i） the two are identical; （ii） ESD is part of EE; （iii） EE is part of ESD; （iv） ESD does not include EE, but they share some parts; and （v） ESD is an advanced stage of EE. The present analysis shows that the two are interactive： EE is part of ESD, hut provides a foundation for ESD. So there requires a re orientation of EE for sustainable development, but ESD has functions of its own.