中国家庭的变迁及其对养老保障的影响

The Vicissitude of the Chinese Family and Its Influence on the Guaranteed Practice for the Aged

中国传统家庭既是生产、生活和劳动的组织,也是承担每一位成员社会保障责任的团体。随着以工业革命为标志的社会化大生产逐步取代原有的以家庭为生产单位的分散的农业和手工业传统生产方式,家庭观念发生了变化,传统大家族的解体以及现代家庭的小型化等一系列的家庭变迁打破了传统的以家庭为单位的保障体系。因此,需要根据中国家庭演变的情况逐步建立起现代老年社会的保障制度及服务体系,做好由传统家庭养老逐步向社会养老的转变。

Households in ancient China were not only an organization for production, life and labor, but also acommunity holding the responsibility of social security for each member. With the traditional production mode takinghouseholds as the production unit replaced by socialized production marked by industrial revolution, the notion of familyhas changed. The disintegration of the traditional big households and the appearance of small- sized modern families havebroken the traditional security system with household as unit. Consequently, according to the transformation of Chinesehouseholds, the security system and service system should be established to prepare well for the change from the traditionalhousehold care for the senior to social care.