西方治安管理主体多元化探析

On the Diversification of Western Public Security Order

传统观念认为,政府警察机构是维护社会治安秩序的主体。然而,西方国家的治安管理实践表明,私人保安、社会自治组织等社会治安组织也参与社会治安管理工作,与警察机构合作、互动,共同维护社会秩序。治安管理主体呈现多元化的原因主要有三个方面:一是西方政府机制本身内在固有的缺陷导致警察机构治安服务失灵现象为其提供现实依据;二是新公共管理、自组织网络治理等理论为其产生提供理论基础;三是治安需求的多元化为其提供了发展的动力。

Traditional belief holds that police organizations of a government are the main body that maintains public security and order. However, the practice of public security and order in western countries shows that subjects of public security and order are diverse. Other social security organizations cooperate and interact with police body of government to maintain social order together. The reasons are as follows： malfunction resulting from inherent flaws of western government mechanism itself in public security and order is the realistic basis for the diversification of subjects of public security and security ; governance theories such as new public management and self - organization network governance are theoretical foundations of the emergence of diversifications of subjects of public security and order, and diversifications of public security requirements supplies developmental dynamics for diversifications of subjects of public security and order.