西秦岭山地农村生活能源建设与退耕还林的生态经济效益评价

Estimate on the Eco-economic Benefits of Rural Energy Sources Construction and De-farming and Reforestation

在西秦岭山地使用太阳灶和沼气,生态经济效益显著。1户1台1.5m2太阳灶、1个8 m3沼气池每年所得到的热量等于773 kg标准煤,折合1 353 kg薪材,净收益为268元。一年内所替代的薪柴等于0.338 hm2有林地一年的生长量,可使0.042 275hm2有林地免遭砍伐。农户从退耕还林中得到的收益为平均每年465元,与种植粮食比较,这些收益主要是不再种粮后所节省的生产成本。退耕还林以扩大林木增量为目标,应作为中长期的战略,稳步实施。使用太阳灶和沼气以保护林木存量为目标,是巩固退耕还林成效的有力措施和生态建设的必要手段,应加大投入和建设力度。

The ecological and economic benefits from using the solar stove and the methane are remarkable in the west Qinling mountain area. The quantity of heat that a farm household with 5 persons obtains from a solan stove with 1.5m^2 acreage and a methane-generating pit with 8 m^3 cubage in each year is equal to 773 kg standard coal, and equivalent to the 1353kg firewood; its net income is 268 yuan. The quantity of firewood substituted in a year is equal to the growth quantity of 0. 338 hm^2 of forest land in each year, 0.042275hm^2 of woodland would be escaped from being cut. The income that peasants obtain from de-farming and reforestation is 465 yuan/y on average. Beside grain production, the income from de-fanning and reforestation is mainly the production cost saved when grain is no longer grown. De-farming and reforestation. taking forest increment as the aim, should be taken as a medium and long-term strategy, and brought into effect steadily. Using the solar stove and the methane, taking to protect existing forests as the goal,is a necessary means to consohdate the effect of de-farming and reforestation and ecological construction.