“糟粕”概念在张载哲学中的重要意义——兼论张载的“理一分殊”是负的“理一分殊”

On ZHANG Zai's Philosophical Idea of the "World of Dust"

张载的“道”指的是气化,这与二程的理相差很大,是一种非常独特的观点。也正是在这一独特思想的基础上,张载提出了其负的理一分殊的体用论。张载认为,天地法象,皆神化之糟粕(负的理一分殊);在张载看来,一旦走出“形不形”之关节点,所形成的“天地法象”“万物形色”,都只不过是神之糟粕而已。张载进一步认为,虽然万物形色为糟粕,但它实是太虚本体的藏身之地;只要在糟粕上点睛以太虚本体,则糟粕即转化为精华。

Zhang Zai＇s notion of the ＂Dao＂ is unique because it is in effect what others mean by ＂qi＂, different from the tenets proposed by Cheng Brothers, and his ＂difference between idea and elements＂ has a negative connotation： according to Zhang, the ＂image＂ after which the heaven and the earth are modeled is nothing but dust and once we step out of the ＂physiqueless physique＂, the world is as dust, the world is where the spirit of the divinity nothing but the dust of divinity. However, in spite of its identity lodges and if the spirit of the divinity is disclosed, dust will turn to quintessence.