现代心理学对传统认识论的“终结”

How Traditional Theory of Knowledge Was“Terminated”by Modern Psychology

从历史发端意义上,心理学独立出来的主要任务之一就是试图用所谓科学的方法去解决哲学认识论提出的问题。正是因为如此,心理学实际上成了传统哲学认识论的“终结者”。然而,当心理学去“终结”传统的哲学认识论的时候,心理学本身却又提供了认识论延续的新土壤。这样,被现代心理学“终结”了的传统认识论必然向现代认识论实现彻底的转型,而现代认识论也必然不同于传统认识论。最典型的现代认识论形态是分析哲学转向形式分析(尤其是语言分析)和客观知识的研究。实际上,科学主义倾向的现代西方哲学各个流派都是现代认识论的具体形态。

Abstract： It is argued that in the history of science when modem psychology was derived from philosophy, it was intended to scientifically solve philosophical problems raised in the field of theory of knowledge. This enabled modem psychology to be the ＂terminator＂ of traditional epistemology. However, while terminating the traditional epistemology, modem psychology itself provides new soil for the continuation of epistemology. Thus, the traditional theory of knowledge terminated by modem psychology inevitably has to be thoroughly transformed into modem epistemology, which inevitably differs from the traditional epistemology. The most typical types of modem theory of knowledge include schools of analytical philosophy （ with an emphasis on language analysis） and philosophy of science （with an emphasis on objective knowledge）. The author believes that all approaches in relation to science in contemporary western philosophy, as a matter of fact, are specific types of modem theory of knowledge.