线粒体在细胞凋亡中的作用

The Role of Mitochondria in Apoptosis

在细胞凋亡的过程中,线粒体起着主要的作用。线粒体外膜(OMM)上的VDAC-ANT复合物是线粒体通透性转换孔(PTP)的主要成分,调节着膜两侧的电位,是线粒体凋亡蛋白释放的主要通道。线粒体中细胞色素C(Cyt C)的释放可通过一种新的通道MAC直接进入胞质,而且OMM的结构不发生破裂。另外,其他因子诸如Bcl-2族因子、Cyt C、AIF等能够直接或间接地调节PTP或线粒体凋亡通道(MAC),令线粒体的通透性改变,将各种促凋亡因子释放,从而激活caspase的水解反应,诱导细胞的凋亡。

Mitochondria play a crucial role in cellular survival and apoptosis. The VDAC-ANT complex, the main composement of mitochondrial permeabilization transition pore （PTP）, is the important channel in the outer membrance and regulates the transmembrance potential. Meanwhile,the apoptotic protein cytochrome c （Cyt C） could release from the bran-new channel MAC while the OMM remain integrity. Moreover,othe factors,such as Bcl-2 family,Cyt C,apoptosis-inducing factor （AIF） and so on,modulate the PTP and alter the permeability of ONIM. And then the apoptotic factors release into cytosol where they trigger the caspase cascade and induce the programmed cell death eventually.