黄石市郊主要蔬菜地土壤重金属污染状况分析

Study on the Conditions of Heavy Metal Contamination of Vegetable Farm Soil in the Suburb of Huangshi city

对黄石市四个主要蔬菜地土壤中铜、铅、锌、镉、镍的污染情况进行测定分析,运用国家土壤环境质量标准、单因子污染指数法和综合污染指数法进行评价,结果表明,各区域均受到了不同程度、不同元素的重金属污染,具体表现为:铜、铅、锌、镍的超标率分别为57%,38%,43%,4.8%,镉没有超标;铜为中度污染状态,铅、锌为轻度污染状态,镍处于警戒级水平,镉很安全;全市土壤中重金属铜、铅、锌的变异系数较大(分别为57.4%,80.3%,53.98%),说明这三种元素的污染在各样点间存在着较大的差异;各区域菜地土壤均为轻度污染状态,但存在着不同的污染元素的差异。

The authors of this paper measure and analyze the conditions of the pollution of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Ni in the four main areas of vegetabh farm soil in Huangshi city. The conditions of the soil are also evaluated by applying the Standard of national soil environment quality, single gene pollution exponent method and synthetic pollution exponent method and the result indicates that each area suffers from pollution by various heavy metal to different degrees. The specific degrees of pollution are as follows： the over standard rates ofCu, Pb, Zn and Ni are 57%, 38%, 43% and 4.8% respectively, the Cd in the soil is not higher than the standard. The degree of Cu pollution is intermediate, Pb and Zn slight, Ni in the boundary of danger and Cd in the condition of safety. The variation coefficients of the heavy metals such as Cu, Pb and Zn are great in the soil of the four suburbs of the city （57.4% , 80.3% and 53. 98% respectively）. That is to say, the degree of pollution of the three kinds of metal dements differs grcatly in each sampling area. The soil in the areas is slightly polluted with various dements.