年龄和知识学习对国家分类的影响

The Effects of Age and Knowledge Study on Classfying of Countries

通过两个自由分类实验探讨年龄和知识学习对国家分类的影响。实验1探讨年龄对国家分类的影响。结果表明,不同年龄的人对国家分类基本一致,但有一定差异。实验2探讨分类前的知识学习对国家分类的影响。结果表明,知识学习能有效地影响分类。阅读文章的主题影响被试的分类标准。整个研究表明,社会概念的分类是事物特征、知识经验和分类情境相互作用的产物。分类既受事物特征的影响,也受人的知识经验影响,还受分类情境影响,从而支持一种权变的观点。

This paper investigated the effects of age and knowledge study on classifying of countries via two free classifying experiments. Experiment 1 inquired the influence of age on classifying of countries, the subjects were undergraduates and adults who took part in self-study examination. The results showed that the classifying of countries was affected by age to a certain degree, the classification which made by different aged subjects were similar, but there were still some differences in their classifications. Experiment 2 probed into the effects of knowledge study on classification of countries. The subjects were300 undergraduate students. Before classifying the subjects read different theme papers. The results showed that the subjects＇ classification were affected by knowledge study before classifying effectively,the themes of papers affected the subjects＇ criterions and results of classifying. The whole study showed the classifying was product of interaction among attributes of things, knowledge and experience of subjects, and classifying contexts. This conclusion supported a adaptable view of classifying.