急性肺栓塞的心电图分析

Electrocardiography analysis in patients with acute pulmonary embolism

目的探讨心电图特征及其在诊断急性肺栓塞(PE)中的作用。方法回顾性分析6年来确诊的32例急性肺栓塞患者的心电图特征及治疗前后的改变。结果出现心电图改变者95%,最多见为窦性心动过速,达75%,ST-T改变占59%,SⅠQⅢTⅢ征占31%,右束支传导阻滞(RBBB)占31%,肺型P波占28%,顺钟向转位占21%,房性早搏(PAS)占19%,电轴右偏占16%,室性早搏占6%,阵发性房颤、SⅠSⅡSⅢ综合征、低电压各占3%。结论PE的心电图变化是多变性的,但有些特征在诊断及鉴别诊断中仍具有一定价值。

AIM To study the characteristics and effect of ECG in the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism. METHODS Retrospective analysis of ECG changes in admission and after treatment was made in 32 patients with acute pulmonary embolism in 6 years. RESULTS ECG changes were found in 95% of the cases, with the highest sinus tachycardia （75%）. The changes of the ST-T was 59% , the S Ⅰ QⅢ Tm syndrome and Bundle branch block （BBB） 31% respectively, the P pulmonale 28% , the clockwise votation 21% , the atrial premature beating 19% , the right axis deviation 16% , the ventricular premature beating 6% , the paroxyomal atrial fibrillation, the SⅠ SⅡ SⅢ syndrome and the Low Amplitude were respectively 3%. CONCLUSION The abnormalities shown by the ECG in the patients with pulmonary embolism are various and some characteristics are valuable in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis.