影响曲靖肉牛冻精冷配受胎率的因素

Effect of Frozen Semen Insemination on Conception Rate of Qujing Beef Cattle

本研究围绕解冻后精液保存温度、母牛发情规律、输精部位和情期输精次数等影响牛冻精冷配受胎率的因素进行分析。结果表明，冻精解冻后，在低温（4℃）下保存6h、在常温（10-15℃）下保存4h和在高温（28℃）下保存2h输精对受胎率没有显著影响；曲靖母牛发情表现明显，在发情母牛卵泡发育至成熟期时冷配受胎率最高（84．40％）;母牛发情配种所占比重依次为秋季〉夏季〉春季〉冬季;母牛2-4胎时冷配受胎率最高，达72．03％，5胎以上的冷配受胎率则有所下降；母牛冷配最佳输精部位是卵泡发育好的一侧子宫角和子宫体内，同时输精可得到较高冷配受胎率（80．38％）。在同一个情期，输精1次与2次对受胎率的影响差异不显著。

The factors relating the conception rate of frozen semen insemination, such as post-thawing preservation temperature, oestrous cycle of cows, insemination position, numbers of insemination in the oestrous etc. were analyzed in the study. The result showed that after thawing, the insemination of the semen preserved for 6h, 4h, and 2h under low （4℃）, room temperature （10-15℃） and high temperature （28℃） did not affect the conception rate; Qujing cows expressed the obvious oestrous symptoms, insemination during the time between follicle development and mature stage displayed the highest conception rate （84. 4%）; the percentage of inseminated cows in all cows in heat ranked in the order of fall, summer, spring and winter from high to low ; the conception rate of cows at the period between second to forth calving was the highest （72. 03%）, and decreased thereafter; the best position of frozen sement insemination was in the uterus horn where the follicle developed better in the same side, which could obtained the high conception rate; in the same oestrous cycle, there was no significant difference between the once and twice insemination.