组织工程化软骨修复兔膝关节软骨缺损的实验研究

Reconstruction of rabbit knee joint cartilage defect using tissues engineering method

目的评估同种异体组织工程软骨修复兔膝关节全层软骨缺损的有效性。方法分离收集成年新西兰大白兔软骨细胞进行体外培养。建立双侧兔膝关节软骨缺损模型,用去端肽胶原(atelocollagen)凝胶与所培养的异体兔关节软骨细胞共同植入兔膝关节软骨缺损处,并设对照组。分别于手术后4周、8周观察大体标本以及组织学修复结果,并进行Wakitan的评分,评估此方法的有效性。结果大体观察结果表明,与对照组相比,实验组缺损处由软骨组织修复而对照组缺损处由纤维样组织填充。组织学观察可以见到实验组关节软骨缺损处有密集的软骨细胞而对照组关节缺损处只有纤维细胞无软骨细胞。结论通过短期观察表明以同种异体软骨细胞-去端肽胶原复合物修复全层软骨缺损的方法是有效可行的,为其进一步临床应用提供了参考。

Objective To estimate curative effect of reconstruction of rabbit knee joint cartilage defect with the homogeneitic tissue engineered cartilages. Methods The chondrocytes were isolated and collected from articular cartilages of eight New Zealand white rabbits. The tissue engineered cartilages after culturing chondrocytes and atelocollogen for two days. Cartilage defects were created in both keen joint of twenty-six rabbits. Complexes of chodrocytes and atelocollagen was grafted into the defect of left knee joint at once as experimental group, and no implantation were served as control. General and histological examination were respectively performed in both group at four weeks and eight weeks after surgery. Results After implantation, the defects were filled with cartilaginous tissue in experiment group, while there were only tissue in control group. Histologically, defective areas were filled with chondrocytes in experiment group, but only fibroblast in control group. Conclusion The implantation of the tissue engineered cartilages contenting with chondrocytes and atelocollogen can effectively improve reconstruction of rabbit knee joint.