6美国伯克利大学战争罪研究中心发表的报告《卢旺达的盖卡卡法庭》，Emily Harpster, "Report on The Gacaea Courts", http://ist-socratcs.berkeley.edu/warcrime/Rwanda/Rwanda-History-of-the-Conflict. htm
7"RWANDA:Gacaca courts begin operations", http: //irinnews. org. March 10, 2005.
8Edwin musoni,"Rwanda:Cacacs Wants to try category one uspects",http://www.newtimes.co.rw.November 6,2005.
3Jean- Pierre Chretien , The Great Lakes of Africa: Two Thousand Years of History, Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press, 2003, pp. 77 - 83.
4Takeuchi Shinichi, "Hutu and Tutsi: A Note on Group Formation in Precolonial Rwanda", in Didier Goyvaerts ed. , Conflict and Ethnicity in Central Africa, ILCAA, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, 2000, pp. 177 - 208.
5Jean Hiernaux, Les caracteres physiques des populations du Ruanda et de l' Urundi, Brussels : Institut royal des sciences naturelles de Belgique, 1954.
6Catherine Newbury, The Cohesion of Oppression: Clientship and Ethnicity in Rwanda 1860 - 1960, New York, NY : Columbia University Press, 1988.
7Mahmood Mamdani, When Victims Become Killers:Colonialism, Nativism, and the Genocide in Rwanda, Princeton University Press, 2001, pp. 99 -101.
8Claudine Vidal, La sociologie des passions: Rwanda, Cote d' Ivoire, Paris: Karthala, 1991, Quoted in Tharcisse Gatwa, The Churches and Ethnic Ideology in the Rwandan Crises 1900 - 1994, Regnum Books International, Oxford, UK, 2005, p. 8.
9Lue de Heuseh, "Responsibility for Genocide", Anthropology Today, Vol. 11, No. 4 , August 1995, p. 4.
