拟黑多刺蚁蚁油的超临界CO_2萃取及GC-MS分析

Study on Extracting with Supercritical CO_2 Fluid from Polyrhachis vicina Roger and Analysis on the Chemical Constituents by GC-MS

目的研究拟黑多刺蚁蚁油超临界CO2萃取的最佳工艺和蚁油的化学成分。方法采用均匀设计方法,以萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间为因素,考察超临界CO2萃取蚁油的最佳工艺,并通过GC-MS对其成分进行了分析。结果超临界CO2萃取的最佳提取条件为:萃取压力36MPa、萃取温度40℃、萃取时间50min;从蚁油中分离出60个色谱峰,共鉴定了45个成分,主要含有(Z)-9-十八碳烯酸(48.278%)、棕榈酸(17.574%)、(Z)-9-十六碳烯酸(4.912%)、胆固醇(2.957%)等,蚁油成分以脂肪酸为主,还有多种直链烷烃结构。结论超临界CO2萃取可快速、有效提取出拟黑多刺蚁的脂溶性成分,为拟黑多刺蚁的进一步开发利用提供了实验依据。

Objective To study the optimum parameters of the supercritical CO2 fluid extraction of Polyrhachis vicina Roger and chemical constituents of ant oil. Methods The experiments were designed with the uniform design. Three factors are extraction pressure, temperature and time. GC-MS was applied for analyzising. Results The optimum condition was obtained： the extraction pressure is 36 MPa, the temperature of extraction is 40 ℃ and extraction time is 50min. 45 components were identified from 60 chromatographic peaks. The main chemical constituents were （Z）-9-octadecenoicacid （48.278%）, hexadecanoicacid （17.574%）, （Z）-9-hexadecenoi （4.912%）, cholesterol （2.957%）. There are some linear paraffin in ant oil. Conclusion This method can extract the ant oil from Polyrhachis vicina Roger quickly and efficiently. This experiment provide foundation for exploitation and utilization of ant resource.