贻贝粉酶解液中系统提取分离氨基酸

EXTRACTION AND SEPARATION PROCESSES OF AMINO ACIDS FROM DEGREASED MUSSEL POWDER

本文报道了以脱脂贻贝粉为原料，采用酶解法从其酶解液中分离，提取及纯化复合氨基酸和六种单一氨基酸的工艺。确定了贻贝粉以胃蛋白酶、枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶联合的酶解工艺，采用超滤方法去除酶解液中未水解的蛋白质等大分子物质及进行脱色处理。将超滤液通过７０１＃［ＣＯ＝］型碱性阴离子交换树脂及［Ｈ＋］型１×２５强酸性阳离子交换树脂脱盐，得到的脱盐液经真空浓缩、结晶、洗涤和烘干得复合氨基酸粉末，得率为２０％左右（相对子贻贝粉，ｗ／ｗ，下同）。将超滤液通过活性炭柱吸附苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸，再用洗脱液洗下，经浓缩、结晶、洗涤和烘干得单一氨基酸成品，Ｌ－苯丙氨酸得率为２．４５％，Ｌ－酪氨酸得率为１．２１％。活性炭柱的通过液经７３２强酸性阳离子交换树脂柱及７１７强碱性阴离子交换树脂柱组吸附、分离、洗脱得纯 Ｌ－精氨酸组分、纯 Ｌ－谷氨酸组分、Ｌ－亮氨酸及Ｌ－缬氨酸组分。再经赶氨、浓缩、结晶、洗涤和烘干得成品，得率分别为３．０１％、１．０２％、１． ４６％及 １． ３４％。单一纯化的氨基酸产品，经氨基酸自动分析仪定性、定量测定及红外光谱分析和通过自动指示旋光仪测定其比旋度进行鉴定，证实确为本物质。复合氨基酸产品中游离氨基酸含量为９０．

Extraction and separation processes of six indivdual amino acids and amino acid mixture from degreased mussel powder were investigated. The degreased mussel powder was hydroly order. The ultrafiltration method was used to decolor and remove the undydrolyzed protein and other macromoleculars from hydrolyzed solution. The desaltion method of the final ultrafiltratd fluid was ion exchange. The [H+] 1× 25 acid ion exchange resin and 701# [CO=]base ion exchange resin were used. The desalted solution was concentrated under vacuum environm, crystallized, and then washed and dehydred to get the crystals contained in the amino acid forxture. The overall convertion was about 20% and the purity was about 90%. The aromatic amin ultrafiltrated fluid were absorbed by active carbon column. The L-Glutamic acid, L-Valine, L-Lencine and L-Argine in the penetrated solution, which could not be absorbed by the active carbon column, were absorbed by 732 strong acid ion exchange resin and 717 strong base ion exchange resin columns. The active carbon column and ion exchange columns were eluted to get the six pure individual amino acids. Identificated and analyzed by amino acid analyzer, IR spectrum and autoindication polarimeter, the convertion of the six amino acids were 2. 05%, 1. 21%' 1. 02%' 1. 34%, 1. 46% and 3. 01% respectively and the purity was 93. 3%, 80. 2%, 90. 6%, 87. 8%, 88. 3% and 92. 7% respectively. The ash content was 1. 42%, 0. 94%, 1. 08%' 1. 17%, 1. 39% and 1. 81% respectively.