一起幼儿园手足口暴发的调查分析

Investigation on an outbreak of hand,foot and mouth disease in kindergarten

目的分析手足口病在幼儿园的流行规律,寻找预防和控制幼儿园传染病流行的措施。方法应用流行病学描述性方法,对北安河村幼儿园和该村所有儿童进行筛查,填写统一的调查表格;实时监测每日新发病例。结果幼儿园共发病61例,罹患率25.4%,流行时间为25d。年龄越小,发热所占比例越高,症状越重。发热16例占32.0%,口腔疱疹39例占78.0%,手部有疹子25例占50.0%,脚部有疹子15例,臀部有疹子8例。调查发现幼儿园没有配备园医,卫生老师不熟悉手足口病的临床表现,不能准确地筛查。结论幼儿园预防手足口病应严格执行消毒制度、晨午检筛查制度。

Objective The study was designed to analyze the epidemic law of hand, foot and mouth disease in kindergarten, and explore measures for prevention and control of infectious diseases in kindergarten. Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was applied to screening for children of the kindergarten of Bei＇anhe village, as well as other children in this village, in which a uniform questionnaire was filled, and a real time monitoring per day for finding new cases was adopted. Results For the kindergarten, the number of infected children was 61, i.e. 25.4% of the total, and the epidemic period was 25 days. The younger the children, the higher the proportion of fever, and the more serious the symptom. There were 16 cases of fever, i.e. 32.0%, 39 cases of mouth herpes, i,e. 78.0%, and 25 cases with eruption of hand, 50%, 15 cases with eruption of foot, and 8 cases with eruption of buttock. The investigation discovered that no doctor was arranged in the kindergarten, and the health care teachers were not familiar with clinical symptom of hand, foot and mouth disease, which made the screening not accurate. Conclusion The system for disinfection and screening through check of morning and afternoon should be implemented strictly for preventing hand, foot and mouth disease in kindergarten.