在安全输血中应用丙型肝炎病毒核心抗原检测技术的初步探索

Technique of Detection of Hepatitis C Core Antigen Used in Safety Blood Transfusion

本研究探讨用丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)核心抗原酶联免疫吸附技术(HCV-cAgELISA)筛查献血员感染HCV的可行性。对我医院2003年1月-2005年12月间的8677份献血者血清标本进行抗-HCV初检和复检。将仅初检阳性的15份血清标本和仅复检阳性的14份血清标本,分别再做HCV-cAgELISA和HCVRT-PCR检测。结果表明:经HCV-cAgELISA检测,29份仅初检(15份)和仅复检(14份)抗-HCV阳性血清标本中只有5份结果为阳性,阳性率为17.24%。经HCVRT-PCR检测,29份仅初检和仅复检抗-HCV阳性血清标本中同样也只有5份阳性结果,阳性率也为17.24%。结论:HCV-cAgELISA检测技术的敏感性与HCVRT-PCR技术类似,但成本明显降低,有可能作为HCV感染的辅助确证试验,或作为抗-HCV检测技术的更新换代技术用于安全输血中献血者血液的筛查。

This study was purposed to investigate the feasibility to screen donor with HCV infection by means of HCV-cAg ELISA. The trust and repeat assays were performed for detection of serum anti-HCV in 8677 donor＇ s serum specimens from January 2003 to December 2005. All serum anti-HCV speciments with positive anti-HCV from first and repeat assays were finally identified by using HCV-cAg ELISA and HCV RT-PCR methods. The results showed that only 5 serum speciments were positive anti-HCV by HCV-cAg ELISA identification in 29 speciments including 15 speciments with positive ant-HCV in first assays and 14 speciments with positive anti-HCV in repeat assays, the positive rate detected by HCV cAg ELISA was 17.24%. 5 serum speciments were positive anti-HCV by HCV RT-PCR detection also in 29 speciments mentioned above, the positive rate detected by HCV RT-PCR was 17.24% too. It is concluded that sensitivity of HCVcAg ELISA is similar to HCV RT-PCR and may be useful for the early diagnosis of hepatitic C or used as a reliable method to screen donor with HCV infection in blood transfusion medicine.